Bacterial communities fluctuate in abundance and diversity under simulated oil-contaminated seawater conditions -- Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2019,37(2):615-627

	Cite this paper:
	LI Xiaohong, YOU Cai, QU Liang, ZHOU Bin, TANG Xuexi, XIAO Hui. Bacterial communities fluctuate in abundance and diversity under simulated oil-contaminated seawater conditions[J]. Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2019, 37(2): 615-627

Bacterial communities fluctuate in abundance and diversity under simulated oil-contaminated seawater conditions

LI Xiaohong^1,2, YOU Cai³, QU Liang⁴, ZHOU Bin^1,2, TANG Xuexi^1,2, XIAO Hui^1,2

1 College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
2 Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;
3 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;
4 CNOOC Limited, Tianjin Branch, Tianjin 300459, China

Abstract:

Marine bacteria have recently been identified as a potent solution for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation in response to hazardous oceanic oil spills. In this study, a mesocosm experiment simulating a petroleum spill event was performed to investigate changes in the abundance, structure, and productivity of bacterial communities in response to oil pollution. Cultured heterotrophic bacteria and total bacteria showed a consistent trend involving an immediate decrease in abundance, followed by a slight increase, and a steady low-level thereafter. However, the changing trend of bacterial productivity based on bacterial biomass and bacterial volume showed the opposite trend. In addition, the density of oil-degrading bacteria increased initially, then subsequently declined. The change in the bacterial community structure at day 0 and day 28 were also analyzed by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), which indicated that the species diversity of the bacterial community changed greatly after oil pollution. Alphaproteobacteria (40.98%) replaced Epsilonproteobacteria (51.10%) as the most abundant class, and Gammaproteobacteria (38.80%) became the second most dominant class in the whole bacterial community. The bacterial communities in oil-contaminated seawater (32 genera) became much more complex than those found in the natural seawater sample (16 genera). The proportion of petroleum-degrading bacteria in the oil-contaminated seawater also increased. In this study, culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches were combined to elucidate changes in both bacterial productivity and community structure. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the role that bacteria play in material cycling and degradation in response to oil pollution.

Key words: petroleum pollution|bacterial community|bacterial growth|amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA)

Received: 2018-03-03 Revised: 2018-05-11

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